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Fav十万个为什么
为什么大气层中的氧气变成臭氧？
大气层中的氧气变成臭氧，主要基于以下几个原因：
1、紫外线照射：太阳的紫外线能够将氧气分子（O₂）分解成两个氧原子（O）。这些氧原子与氧气分子结合，形成臭氧分子（O₃）。这一过程在平流层尤为显著，是臭氧层形成的主要原因。
2、闪电作用：闪电产生的高温高压环境能够促进氧气分子分解并重新组合成臭氧。这是近地面臭氧生成的重要机制之一，也是雷雨后空气清新的原因。
3、化学反应：在污染较重的区域，氮氧化物（NOx）和挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）在紫外线作用下发生光化学反应，生成臭氧。这一过程是城市臭氧污染的主要来源。
总结：大气层中的氧气变成臭氧，主要是由于紫外线的分解作用、闪电的高温高压环境以及光化学反应的共同作用。这些机制在平流层和近地面分别主导了臭氧的形成，臭氧层对地球生态系统的保护作用尤为重要。
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