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为什么下雨会有雷电？
下雨时伴随雷电的原因主要包括以下几点：
1、积雨云中的电荷分离：积雨云内部的水滴和冰晶在强烈的上升气流中发生碰撞和摩擦，导致电荷分离。云的中下部通常带负电荷，而云顶带正电荷，云底与地面之间形成强电场。
2、电场强度达到临界值：当积雨云中的电场强度足够高时，空气的绝缘性能被击穿，形成放电现象。这种放电现象以闪电的形式释放电荷，同时伴随巨大的能量释放。
3、雷声的产生：闪电释放的高温使周围空气迅速膨胀，形成冲击波，从而产生雷声。雷声的传播速度较慢，因此人们通常先看到闪电后听到雷声。
总结：下雨时出现雷电，主要是因为积雨云内部电荷分离、电场强度达到临界值以及雷声的产生。这些现象共同作用，形成了雷雨天气中典型的闪电和雷鸣现象。
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