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The Analects of ConfuciusWei Linggong (c. 1267-1294), Tang Dynasty poetOriginal:

Duke Wei Ling asked Chen in Confucius, Confucius said: "The matter of food and beans, then tasted heard; military matters, not learned." Tomorrow, he traveled.

In the Chen food, the followers of the disease can not rise. Zi Lu huffed and said: "gentleman also have poor?" Zi said: "The gentleman is poor, the small man is poor, the poor is abusive."

The son said: "Give also, the woman to give as much learning and knowledge of the person with?" He said, "Yes, but not?" He said, "No, I am consistent."

The Son said, "By and by, those who know virtue are few."

Zi said, "The one who does nothing is Shun and! What do you want to do? It is just to respect oneself and face the south."

Zi Zhang (son of Zeus)问行,子曰:“言忠信,行笃敬,虽蛮貊之邦行矣;言不忠信,行不笃敬,虽州里行乎哉?立则见其参于前也;在舆则见其倚于衡也,夫然后行。”Zi Zhang (son of Zeus)书诸绅。

The son said, "Straight as a historical fish! The state has a way like a vector, and the state has no way like a vector. A gentleman is a superbus! If the state has the way, then you will serve; if the state has no way, then you may roll and harbor."

The Son said, "To speak with a man who can speak with him and not to speak with him is to lose the man; to speak with a man who cannot speak with him is to lose his words. He who knows does not lose people nor words."

The Son said, "The aspirant does not seek life to jeopardize benevolence, but kills his own body to fulfill benevolence."

When Zigong asked about being benevolent, Zi said, "If you want to do a good job, you must first sharpen your tools. If you live in this state, you should serve the wise men of its great doctors and make friends with the benevolent men of its soldiers."

Yan Yuan (1935-), wide-ranging PRC politician, prime minister 2007-2010问为邦,子曰:“行夏之时,乘殷之辂,服周之冕,乐则《韶》《舞》;放郑声,远佞人。郑声淫,佞人殆。”

The Son said, "If a man has no far-flung worries, he will have near worries."

The Son said, "It has been done! I have not seen a man who is as good in virtue as he is in color."

Zi said, "Zang Wenzhong, who stole the position with! Knowing that Liu Xiahui is virtuous but not standing with him."

The Son said, "If you are thick with yourself and thin with others, you will be far from complaining."

Zi said, "The one who does not say 'as it is, as it is', I am at the end as it is already."

Zi said, "It is difficult to live in a group all day long, to speak in vain, and to act in a good way with little wisdom."

Zi said, "A gentleman is righteous as a pledge, a rite as an act, a sun as an outpouring, and a letter as a fulfillment. A gentleman is a gentleman!"

The son said, "A gentleman is sick of incompetence, not sick of not knowing himself."

Zi said, "A gentleman's disease is not known to the world, but his name is not known to the world."

The Son said, "A gentleman seeks his own, a villain seeks others."

The Son said, "A gentleman is reserved but not contentious, a group but not a party."

The Son said, "A gentleman does not exalt a man by his words; he does not abrogate his words by a man."

Zi Gong asked, "Is there a person who can fulfill a word for life?" Zi said, "It is forgiveness! Do not do unto others what you would not have them do unto you."

Zi said, "I am also in the people, who destroyed who reputation? If there is a person who has a reputation, he has something to try. Smin also, the reason why the three generations are straight."

Zi said, "I am still and the history of the queue text also, there are horses who borrowed people to ride, now die Fu!"

The Son said, "Coincidence is not a good thing, and a little intolerance is not a good thing."

The Son said, "If all men are evil, they will find out; if all men are good, they will find out."

Zi said, "Man can promote the Way, not the Way promote man."

The Son said, "To pass and not to change is to pass."

Zi said, "I have tasted not eating all day and not sleeping all night in order to think, but it is no good, so it is better to learn."

The son said, "A gentleman seeks the way, not the food. Plowing is also discouraged in it, and learning is also a source of wealth in it. A gentleman worries about the way and not about poverty."

子曰:“知及之,仁不能守之,虽得之,必失之;知及之,仁能守之,不庄以莅之,则民不敬;知及之,仁能守之,庄以莅之,动之不以礼,未善也。”

The Son said, "A gentleman may not be small in knowledge but may be large in acceptance; a small man may not be large in acceptance but may be small in knowledge."

The son said, "The people of benevolence, even more than fire and water. Water and fire, I have seen the death of the dead, I have not seen the death of benevolence."

The Son said, "When kindness is not enough, it is not enough."

The Son said, "A gentleman is chaste and unforgiving."

The Son said, "To serve a ruler, honor the deed before the food."

The Son said, "There is no such thing as teaching."

The Son said, "The ways are different, but not the same."

The Son said, "Rhetoric is just enough."

师冕见,及阶,子曰:“阶也。”及席,子曰:“席也。”皆坐,子告之曰:“某在斯,某在斯。”师冕出。Zi Zhang (son of Zeus)问曰:“与师言之道与?”子曰:“然,固相师之道也。”

The Analects of ConfuciusWei Linggong (c. 1267-1294), Tang Dynasty poetTranslation of the article:

Wei Linggong (c. 1267-1294), Tang Dynasty poet向孔子请教排兵布阵的事,孔子回答说:“祭祀礼仪方面的事,我曾经听说过;军队打仗的事,我还没有学过。”第二天,孔子就离开了卫国。

孔子在陈国时断了粮食,跟随的人都饿坏了,起不来。Zi Lu生气地来见孔子说:“君子也有这么穷困的时候吗?”孔子说:“君子能安守穷困,小人穷困了就会胡作非为。”

孔子说:“子贡啊,你认为我是学了很多东西并且能记住它们的人吗?”子贡回答说:“是的,难道不是吗?”孔子说:“不是的,我用一个根本的道贯穿所有知识。”

Confucius said, "O Zhongyu, there are too few people who understand 'virtue'."

Confucius said, "Probably the only one who could rule the country well without doing anything was Shun! What did he do? Just sat respectfully in the court."

Zi Zhang (son of Zeus)问如何处世,孔子说:“说话要忠诚守信,行为要笃实恭敬,即使到了不开化的地方也能行得通;说话不忠诚守信,行为不笃实恭敬,就是在自己的家乡能行得通吗?站着就想这些原则显现在前面;坐车时就看到它们好像刻在车辕的横木上,这样之后才能处世。”Zi Zhang (son of Zeus)把这些话写在腰间的大带上。

孔子说:“史鱼真是正直啊!国家政治清明时像箭一样直,国家政治黑暗时也像箭一样直。蘧伯玉也是君子啊!国家政治清明就做官,国家政治黑暗就可以把自己的本领收藏起来。”

孔子说:“可以与他谈而不与他谈,是错过人才;不可以与他谈而与他谈,是浪费言语。聪明的人既不错过人才,也不浪费言语。”

Confucius said, "Aspirants and benevolent men will not jeopardize benevolence in order to live, preferring to sacrifice their lives to achieve it."

子贡问怎样培养仁德,孔子说:“工匠想要做好他的工作,必须先准备好工具。住在这个国家,就要侍奉大夫中的贤人,结交士人中的仁人。”

Yan Yuan (1935-), wide-ranging PRC politician, prime minister 2007-2010问怎样治理国家,孔子说:“要采用夏朝的历法,乘坐商朝的车子,戴周朝的礼帽,音乐就演奏《韶》和《舞》;摒弃郑国的乐曲,疏远奸佞的人。郑国的乐曲是淫乱的,奸佞的人是危险的。”

Confucius said, "One who does not think long term is bound to have immediate worries."

Confucius said, "Forget it! I haven't seen anyone who loves virtue as much as he loves beauty."

Confucius said, "Zang Wenzhong is probably a man who steals positions! He knew that Liu Xiahui was virtuous but did not recommend him."

Confucius said, "By blaming yourself more and others less, you can avoid the resentment of others."

Confucius said, "I don't know what to do with the man who doesn't always say, 'What to do, what to do'."

Confucius said, "It's hard to accomplish anything when you get together all day and say nothing serious and like to play smart!"

Confucius said, "A gentleman takes righteousness as his foundation, practises it with rites, expresses it with humble words, and accomplishes it with integrity. That is what makes a gentleman!"

Confucius said, "A gentleman only worries about his lack of talent, not about others not understanding him."

Confucius said, "A gentleman's worry is that his reputation will not be celebrated when he dies."

Confucius said, "A gentleman demands of himself; a villain demands of others."

Confucius said, "A gentleman is dignified but does not quarrel with others; he is agreeable but does not form a party."

Confucius said, "A gentleman does not promote a man because what he says is good, nor does he discard a man's words because they are bad."

子贡问:“有一个字可以终身奉行的吗?”孔子说:“大概就是‘恕’吧!自己不愿意的,不要强加给别人。”

孔子说:“我对于别人,诋毁过谁?称赞过谁?如果有所称赞,必定是经过考验的。这些百姓啊,夏、商、周三代就是依靠他们直道而行事的。”

孔子说:“我过去还能看到史官缺疑的地方就空着不写的,有马的人把马借给别人骑来学习如何饲养,现在没有这种事了。”

Confucius said, "Flowery speech corrupts virtue, and the inability to endure small things spoils great things."

Confucius said, "If everyone detests him, he must be examined clearly; if everyone likes him, he must also be examined clearly."

Confucius said, "Man is able to promote the Tao, not the Tao to promote man."

Confucius said, "To have a fault and not correct it is the real fault."

Confucius said, "I used to think all day without food and all night without sleep; there is no benefit in it; it is better to study."

孔子说:“君子谋求的是道而不是食物。耕地也会饿肚子,学习也可以得到俸禄。君子担心的是道不能实行,而不是贫穷。”

孔子说:“凭智慧得到它,但凭仁德不能守住它,即使得到也必定会失去;凭智慧得到它,凭仁德能守住它,但不严肃认真地对待它,百姓就不会恭敬;凭智慧得到它,凭仁德能守住它,严肃认真地对待它,但行动不合礼,还是不够完善。”

Confucius said, "A gentleman cannot behave in a small way but can undertake in a big way, and a villain cannot undertake in a big way but can behave in a small way."

孔子说:“百姓对于仁的需求,比对于水火的需求更迫切。水火,我见过有人踏进去而死的,没见过实行仁而死的。”

Confucius said, "When faced with benevolence, it is the teacher who does not differ from him in humility."

Confucius said, "A gentleman adheres to the right path, but does not stick to the little things."

Confucius said, "To serve the monarch, one must be conscientious in one's work and put the receipt of one's salary in the back of one's mind."

Confucius said, "Education is available to all, regardless of class."

Confucius said, "Those who advocate different things do not confer with each other."

Confucius said, "Words are enough to express the meaning."

盲乐师冕来见孔子,走到台阶前,孔子说:“这是台阶。”走到坐席前,孔子说:“这是坐席。”大家都坐下了,孔子告诉他说:“我在这里,我在这里。”师冕走了以后,Zi Zhang (son of Zeus)问道:“这是同盲人说话的方式吗?”孔子说:“是的,这本来就是帮助盲人的方法。”

Introduzione ai *Analecta*:

1. I "Dialoghi" furono redatti nella prima fase del periodo degli Stati Combattenti, all'incirca tra il V e il IV secolo a.C., proprio durante l'epoca delle Primavere e degli Autunni e degli Stati Combattenti. In quel periodo la società era in fermento, i feudatari lottavano per il dominio, il pensiero era vivace e si era creata una situazione di "cento scuole in competizione".

2. Confucio (551 a.C.–479 a.C.), fondatore della scuola confuciana, si dedicò alla diffusione delle sue idee educative e dei suoi concetti etici, sostenendo che il governo dello Stato e la stabilità sociale dovessero basarsi sulla coltivazione della moralità e sulla responsabilità sociale. Dopo la sua morte, i suoi discepoli e i loro successori raccolsero i suoi discorsi, i suoi comportamenti e i dialoghi con i discepoli, sistemandoli in un libro: questo è il "Analecta".

3. Il libro dei Dialoghi è composto da 20 capitoli, scritti principalmente in forma di aphorismi e in parte in forma narrativa; il contenuto riguarda diversi ambiti quali la politica, l’etica, l’educazione, la filosofia e l’arte di vivere. Il linguaggio è conciso e ricco di significato, e trasmette la filosofia attraverso dialoghi quotidiani ed esempi concreti.

4. La compilazione dei "Dialoghi" presenta le seguenti caratteristiche:

(1) Predominanza dello stile a citazioni: le idee vengono trasmesse attraverso brevi dialoghi e citazioni; il linguaggio è semplice e comprensibile, ma il significato è profondo.

(2) Dialoghi contestualizzati: registra i dialoghi quotidiani tra Confucio e i suoi discepoli, combinando situazioni concrete per mostrare il nucleo del pensiero.

(3) Struttura frammentaria: manca di una struttura logica rigorosa, ma espone il pensiero attraverso esempi concreti, consentendo al lettore di cogliere i principi filosofici durante la lettura.

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