esposizione

The son said, "If I advance in rites and music, I am a savage; if I advance in rites and music, I am a gentleman. If I use it, I will advance from it."

The Son said, "Those who follow me in Chen and Cai are not as good as the door."

Virtue: Yan Yuan, Min Ziqian, Ran Bo Niu, Zhong Gong. Speech: Zai I, Zi Gong. Politics: Ran You, Jilu. Literature: Ziyou, Zixia.

The Son said, "Huiya is not the one who helps me, but he says nothing in my words."

The Son said, "Filial piety is Min Zi Qian! One does not come between the words of one's parents and one's kun-di."

Nan Rong three times restored Bai Gui, whom Confucius married with his brother's son.

Jikangzi asked, "Which of the disciples is a good learner?" Confucius replied, "There was Yan Hui who was a good learner, but unfortunately he died a short life, and now he is also dead."

Yan Yuan (1935-), wide-ranging PRC politician, prime minister 2007-2010死，颜路请子之车以为之椁。子曰：“才不才，亦各言其子也。鲤也死，有棺而无椁，吾不徒行以为之椁。以吾从大夫之后，不可徒行也。”

Yan Yuan died. Zi said, "Yelp! The heavens are in mourning! Heaven is mourning you!"

Yan Yuan died, the son wept mournfully, and the follower said, "The son mourned!" He said, "Is there any mourning? If not Mrs. for mourning and who for?"

Yan Yuan (1935-), wide-ranging PRC politician, prime minister 2007-2010死，门人欲厚葬之，子曰：“不可。”门人厚葬之，子曰：“回也视予犹父也，予不得视犹子也。非我也，夫二三子也！”

Ji Lu asked about ghosts and gods, and Zi said, "If I can't do anything for people, how can I do anything for ghosts?" He said, "I dare to ask about death." He said, "How can you know death if you don't know life?"

Min Zi serves on the side and speaks gently; Zi Lu, walks as if he were walking; Ran You and Zi Gong, Kan Kan as if they were walking. Zi Le. "If by and by, I shall not die."

When the Lu people were in the long house, Min Ziqian said, "What if the old passages are still in place? Why change?" Zi said: "Lady does not say, words are in."

Zi said, "By the seraphim Xi is at the door of the mound?" When the doorkeeper disrespected Zi Lu, Zi said, "By also ascended the hall, but not yet in the room."

Zigong asked, "Which is more virtuous, the Master or Shang Ye?" Zi said, "The teacher is also over, and the merchant is also not as good as the merchant." Zi said, "Then the division is more or less?" Zi said, "Too much is not enough."

Ji's rich in Zhou Gong, and seek also for the gathering and attached to the benefit. Zi said: "not my disciples also, the boy sounded the drum and attack can also."

Chai is also a fool, Sam is also a lu, Shih is also a pious, and Yu is also a condolee.

Zi said, "Back also its common, repeatedly empty. The grant is not ordered but the goods are multiplied, and the billion is repeatedly in the middle."

When Zi Zhang asked about the way of a good man, Zi said, "Do not trample on the traces, nor do you enter the room."

Zi said, "On the subject of dukkha is with, a gentleman, a colorful Zhuang?"

Zi Lu问：“闻斯行诸？”子曰：“有父兄在，如之何其闻斯行之？”冉有问：“闻斯行诸？”子曰：“闻斯行之。公西华曰：“由也问闻斯行诸，子曰‘有父兄在’；求也问闻斯行诸，子曰‘闻斯行之’。赤也惑，敢问。”子曰：“求也退，故进之；由也兼人，故退之。”

Zi was afraid of Kuang, after Yan Yuan. Zi said, "I die with my daughter!" He said, "If Zi is there, how dare I die!"

季子然问：“仲由、冉求可谓大臣与？”子曰：“吾以子为异之问，曾由与求之问。所谓大臣者，以道事君，不可则止。今由与求也，可谓具臣矣。”曰：“然则从之者与？”子曰：“弑父与君，亦不从也。”

Zi Lu使子羔为费宰，子曰：“贼夫人之子。”Zi Lu曰：“有民人焉，有社稷焉，何必读书然后为学。”子曰：“是故恶夫佞者。”

Zi Lu、曾皙、冉有、公西华侍坐，子曰：“以吾一日长乎尔，毋吾以也。居则曰‘不吾知也’如或知尔，则何以哉？”Zi Lu率尔而对曰：“千乘之国，摄乎大国之间，加之以师旅，因之以饥馑，由也为之，比及三年，可使有勇，且知方也。”夫子哂之。“求，尔何如？”对曰：“方六七十，如五六十，求也为之，比及三年，可使足民。如其礼乐，以俟君子。”“赤！尔何如？”对曰：“非曰能之，愿学焉。宗庙之事，如会同，端章甫，愿为小相焉。”“点，尔何如？”鼓瑟希，铿尔，舍瑟而作，对曰：“异乎三子者之撰。”子曰：“何伤乎？亦各言其志也。”曰：“暮春者，春服既成，冠者五六人，童子六七人，浴乎沂，风乎舞雩，咏而归。”夫子喟然叹曰：“吾与点也！”三子者出，曾皙后。曾皙曰：“夫三子者之言何如？”子曰：“亦各言其志也已矣。”曰：“夫子何哂由也？”曰：“为国以礼，其言不让，是故哂之。”“唯求则非邦也与？”“安见方六七十、如五六十而非邦也者？”“唯赤则非邦也与？”“宗庙会同，非诸侯而何？赤也为之小，孰能为之大？”

孔子说：“先学习礼乐的人，像质朴的农夫；后学习礼乐的人，像有修养的君子。如果要选用人才，我还是主张用先学习礼乐的人。”

Confucius said, "The students who once followed me in my distress between the states of Chen and Cai are no longer with me."

在德行方面突出的有：Yan Yuan (1935-), wide-ranging PRC politician, prime minister 2007-2010、闵子骞、冉伯牛、仲弓；在言语方面突出的有宰我、子贡；在政事方面突出的有：冉有、季路；在文学方面突出的有：子游、子夏。

Confucius said, "Yan Hui, O Yan Hui, is not the man who can help me; there is nothing he says to me that does not please his heart."

Confucius said, "O filial piety, Min Ziqian! People do not dispute the words of his parents and brothers in praising him."

When Nan Rong repeatedly recited the line "Bai Gui" from the Book of Songs, Confucius married his niece to him.

季康子问：“你的学生中谁是好学的？”孔子回答说：“有个叫颜回的学生好学，可惜短命死了，现在没有这样的人了。”

Yan Yuan (1935-), wide-ranging PRC politician, prime minister 2007-2010死了，他的父亲颜路请求孔子卖掉自己的车子，给Yan Yuan (1935-), wide-ranging PRC politician, prime minister 2007-2010买椁。孔子说：“无论有才能还是没才能，都是各人谈自己的儿子。我的儿子鲤死了，也只有棺而没有椁。我是不愿步行，去卖车给他买椁的。因为我曾经做过大夫，按照礼制是不可以步行的。”

When Yan Yuan died, Confucius said, "Alas! Heaven wants my life! Heaven wants my life!"

Yan Yuan (1935-), wide-ranging PRC politician, prime minister 2007-2010死了，孔子哭得很伤心，跟随他的人说：“您太过悲伤了！”孔子说：“是太悲伤了吗？不为这个人悲伤，又为谁悲伤呢？”

Yan Yuan (1935-), wide-ranging PRC politician, prime minister 2007-2010死了，学生们想厚葬他，孔子说：“不可以。”学生们还是厚葬了他，孔子说：“颜回把我当父亲一样看待，我却不能把他当儿子一样看待。这不是我的主意，是那些学生决定的！”

季路问怎样侍奉鬼神，孔子说：“还没能侍奉好人，怎么能侍奉鬼呢？”季路说：“敢再问一下死是怎么回事？”孔子说：“还不懂活着的事，怎么能知道死呢？”

闵子骞在孔子身边，态度和顺；Zi Lu，刚强；冉有、子贡，温和快乐。孔子很高兴。又说：“像仲由这样，恐怕会不得好死吧。”

鲁国要改建长府，闵子骞说：“照老样子不好吗？何必改建呢？”孔子说：“闵子骞这个人，平时不大说话，但一说就说到点子上。”

孔子说：“仲由弹瑟，为什么在我这里弹？”学生们因此不尊敬Zi Lu。孔子说：“仲由的学问已经达到高级阶段，只是还没有达到精通的程度。”

子贡问：“颛孙师和卜商谁更优秀？”孔子说：“颛孙师做事过头，卜商做事不够。”子贡说：“那么是颛孙师更好些吗？”孔子说：“做事过头就像做事不够一样，都不好。”

fourth generation (e.g. Chinese Americans)比周朝的公侯还要富有，而冉求还帮他搜刮民财。孔子说：“他不是我的学生，你们可以大张旗鼓地攻击他。”

Gao Chai was foolish and straight, Zeng Sen was slow, Zhuan Sun Shi was bigoted, and Zhong Yu was rude.

孔子说：“颜回的学问道德差不多了吧，可是常常贫困。端木赐不听命运安排，去做买卖，猜测行情，往往猜中。”

When Zi Zhang asked about the way to be a good person, Confucius said, "Do not follow the rules, but you cannot learn profound knowledge either."

Confucius said, "Can he be praised just for his speech being dignified? It depends on whether he is really a gentleman or whether he is only dignified in appearance."

Zi Lu问：“听到道理就马上行动吗？”孔子说：“有父兄在，怎么能听到道理就马上行动呢？”冉有问：“听到道理就马上行动吗？”孔子说：“听到道理就马上行动。”公西华说：“仲由问听到道理就马上行动吗，您说‘有父兄在’；冉求问听到道理就马上行动吗，您说‘听到道理就马上行动’。我感到困惑，大胆问问。”孔子说：“冉求做事退缩，所以要鼓励他；仲由好勇过人，所以要约束他。”

When Confucius was frightened in Kuangdi, Yan Yuan fell behind. Confucius said, "I thought you were dead!" Yan Yuan said, "You are alive, how dare I die!"

季子然问：“仲由、冉求可以算是大臣吗？”孔子说：“我以为问的是别人，原来是问仲由和冉求啊。所谓大臣，是用正道侍奉君主，行不通就辞职。现在仲由和冉求，只能算是充数的臣子。”季子然说：“那么他们会完全听从上级吗？”孔子说：“杀父亲、杀君主的事，他们也不会听从。”

Zi Lu让子羔去做费地的长官，孔子说：“你害了这个年轻人。”Zi Lu说：“那里有百姓，有社稷，为什么一定要读书才算学习？”孔子说：“所以我讨厌花言巧语的人。”

Zi Lu、曾皙、冉有、公西华陪孔子坐着，孔子说：“我比你们年纪大一点，不要因为我而不敢说话。你们平时总说‘没有人了解我’，假如有人了解你们，那你们打算怎么做呢？”Zi Lu不加思索地回答说：“一个拥有一千辆兵车的国家，夹在大国之间，加上外国军队的侵犯，接着又遇上饥荒，让我治理，等到三年，就可以使人有勇气，而且懂得道义。”孔子微微一笑。孔子说：“冉求，你怎么样？”冉求回答说：“一个纵横六七十里或五六十里的国家，让我治理，等到三年，就可以使人富足。至于礼乐教化，那就要等待君子了。”孔子说：“公西赤，你怎么样？”公西赤回答说：“不敢说能胜任，愿意学习。在宗庙祭祀的事或诸侯会盟及朝见天子时，我愿意穿着礼服，戴着礼帽，做一个小小的赞礼人。”孔子说：“曾点，你怎么样？”曾点弹瑟的声音逐渐稀疏，接着铿的一声，放下瑟，站起来回答说：“我和他们三人的才能不同。”孔子说：“有什么关系呢？不过是各自谈谈自己的志向罢了。”曾点说：“暮春时节，穿上春天的衣服，约上五六个成年人，六七个少年，到沂水边洗洗澡，在舞雩台上吹吹风，唱着歌回家。”孔子长叹一声说：“我赞成曾点啊！”Zi Lu、冉有、公西华走了，曾皙最后离开。曾皙问：“他们三人的话怎么样？”孔子说：“不过是各自谈谈自己的志向罢了。”曾皙说：“夫子为什么笑仲由呢？”孔子说：“治理国家要讲礼让，可是他的话却一点也不谦让，所以我笑他。”曾皙说：“难道冉求讲的就不是国家大事吗？”孔子说：“怎么见得方圆六七十里或五六十里的地方就不是国家呢？”曾皙说：“难道公西赤讲的就不是国家大事吗？”孔子说：“宗庙祭祀和诸侯会盟及朝见天子，这不是诸侯国的事又是什么？公西赤只能做一个小小的赞礼人，谁能做大事呢？”